Descriptive Writing

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Study Skill 15 Descriptive Writing

 

Introduction

two young girls talking

Image by Pezibear Links to an external site. from Pixabay Links to an external site. 

Let's take a look at the key elements of Descriptive writing:

Goal:  The goal of descriptive is for an audience to picture, or imagine, clearly what the author describes. 

How:  Descriptive writing uses vivid, sensory language and specific details to describe a person, object, place, or event. 

Where:  You can find descriptive writing almost everywhere.  Descriptive writing might be located in a journal or diary entry, fiction and nonfiction writing, and advertising.

Watch

 Video: Descriptive Writing Using the 5 Senses

Source: Learn Easy English via YouTube

 

Video transcript

 

[Theme music]

there are five senses sight smell
00:03
hearing taste touch in this lesson we
00:09
are going to learn how to use the five
00:12
senses in descriptive writing let's have
00:15
a look at this picture try to imagine
00:18
yourself physically being in this
00:20
environment and try to use your five
00:24
senses think about what you can see what
00:28
you can smell what you can hear what you
00:32
can taste and what you can touch or feel
00:40
here is a simple way to describe the
00:43
picture I can see the green grass and
00:47
the tall trees I can smell the fresh
00:50
scent of the blooming flowers I can hear
00:53
the birds chirping I can taste the fresh
00:56
air on my tongue I can feel the wind
00:59
blowing this description is very basic
01:03
therefore we want to improve it by using
01:06
a range of language techniques
01:08
interesting verbs adjectives adverbs and
01:12
effective vocabulary this will help to
01:15
engage the reader and will also help the
01:18
reader to create a picture in their mind
01:22
we can also see that each sentence
01:24
starts with I this is very repetitive
01:27
and can be quite boring for the reader
01:32
here is the improved version as I walk
01:35
through the enchanted forest
01:37
I am greeted with the fresh smell of
01:39
scented flowers their bright colors glow
01:42
in the sunlight chirping birds happily
01:45
dance around in the sky as the trees
01:48
wave their arms in excitement the warm
01:51
spring breeze softly brushes against my
01:54
face as I walk along the freshly grown
01:56
grass slowly the refreshing air lands on
02:00
my tongue filling me with happiness now
02:05
let's have a look at why this
02:06
description is more effective there are
02:10
various techniques used in this
02:12
description so let's have a
02:13
at a few examples the use of the
02:16
adjective enchanted suggests the forest
02:19
is magical and fascinating the use of
02:22
the adjective scent it gives the reader
02:25
an idea of how nice the flower smell the
02:30
use of the verb chirping brings life to
02:33
the picture helping to create a feeling
02:36
of happiness and delight by giving the
02:39
trees human quality such as trees waive
02:43
further emphasizes how vibrant and full
02:46
of life
02:47
the atmosphere is this is an example of
02:50
personification personification is used
02:54
again by giving human quality to the
02:57
breeze as it brushes against my face the
03:00
fact that it brushes against my face
03:02
softly suggests the weather is not harsh
03:05
rather it's pleasantly warm with cool
03:08
air finally the last example the use of
03:13
the verb filling emphasizes the extent
03:16
to which the narrator feels a sense of
03:18
happiness and delight as opposed to just
03:21
saying it makes me happy which doesn't
03:24
allow the reader to imagine exactly how
03:27
happy the narrator feels now let's have
03:30
a look at another example again try to
03:33
use your five senses to describe the
03:36
image a simple way to describe the image
03:41
would be to say I can see the bright
03:44
blue water and the golden sand I can
03:47
smell the fresh air I can hear people
03:50
talking and children playing I can taste
03:53
the salt water on my tongue I can feel
03:56
my feet sinking into the soft sand here
04:00
is the improved version slowly the
04:04
bright blue sea
04:05
crawls towards the golden sand the fresh
04:08
air enters my nose as I make my way down
04:11
the seashore with every step I can feel
04:14
my feet sink into the smooth sand and
04:16
the taste of the salty seawater lands on
04:19
my tongue the sound of the violin
04:22
echoes along the coast as I begin to
04:25
dance around
04:26
nice and elegantly this description is
04:30
improved by using a range of language
04:33
techniques interesting verbs adjectives
04:36
adverbs and effective vocabulary now
04:39
let's look closely at a few examples and
04:42
I will explain why it is effective the
04:46
use of alliteration in bright blue draws
04:50
attention to the center's helping to
04:52
emphasize how vibrant and beautiful the
04:56
sea is the verb sink suggests the sand
05:00
is so smooth that it almost absorbs
05:03
anything that is placed in it the use of
05:07
the verb echoes suggests the beach is
05:10
huge as the sound travels along the
05:13
coast
05:14
lastly the use of the adverb elegantly
05:19
creates a pleasant and graceful image
05:21
which reflects the surroundings here is
05:27
our last example again look at the
05:31
picture and try to use your five senses
05:34
to describe the image so what can you
05:37
see what can you smell what can you hear
05:40
what can you taste and what can you
05:43
touch again I will go through a simple
05:48
way to describe the image and an
05:50
improved version of the description a
05:53
simple way is I can see the dark gloomy
05:57
sky I can smell the damp air I can hear
06:01
the wind howling
06:02
I can taste thick fog I can feel the fog
06:07
as it brushes against my skin now let's
06:12
have a look at the improved version in
06:14
the bleak distance the huge tower stood
06:18
tall in isolation standing broken and
06:21
crippled in front of it is a forest of
06:24
trees their bark decaying slowly a
06:27
blanket of fog covers my skin filling my
06:30
mouth with distaste cautiously I make my
06:34
way through the desolate Street as the
06:36
icy wind howls
06:39
now let's look closely as to why this
06:42
description is better the use of the
06:45
adjective bleak is effective as it
06:48
allows the reader to picture a harsh
06:50
deserted place helping to create a sense
06:54
of mystery the use of the noun isolation
06:58
suggests that the place is abandoned
07:00
therefore causing the reader to question
07:02
why no one visits the place this
07:05
ultimately intrigues the reader the use
07:11
of the verb crippled is used to give the
07:13
trees a human quality suggesting that
07:16
the trees are lifeless and damaged
07:19
furthermore the trees are described as
07:22
decaying which further emphasizes how
07:26
lifeless the trees are as they are
07:28
slowly breaking down the metaphor a
07:32
blanket of fog suggests that there is so
07:36
much fog that it becomes difficult to
07:39
see anything the use of the adjective
07:43
desolate allows the reader to create an
07:46
image of a miserable gloomy and deserted
07:50
place which is suggested by the picture
07:53
lastly personification is used when the
07:56
wind howls this creates a terrifying
07:59
image as the wind is brought to life in
08:01
this abandoned place therefore creating
08:04
tension and mystery okay now it's your
08:13
turn look at this picture and think
08:16
about your five senses what can you see
08:19
what can you smell what can you hear
08:21
what can you taste and what can you
08:24
touch make sure you use synonyms to
08:27
replace boring words in order to make
08:30
the writing descriptive and interesting
08:32
for the reader you can find synonyms in
08:36
a thesaurus or even just online

 

Key Ideas

Key Features:  

  • It is used in both nonfiction (true, supported by facts) and fiction (untrue, developed with imagination) writing.
  • It is organized. It may use a time structure (first, second, next, and so on) or a spatial structure (from top to bottom, left to right, or clockwise), or another structure meant to help readers picture what is described.
  • It is full of sensory language. An author will use sight, sound, taste, smell, and touch to help make details seem real to readers.
  • It is imaginative. This type of writing is full of engaging descriptions that make the writing lively.

Example

 MU campus with fall colors 

Image source: University of Missouri-Columbia https://missouri.edu/about/spirit.php 

Mizzou's autumn months see crisp, sweet air settle across campus like a welcome mat, unfurling to guide students to their fall semester courses. In the early morning, brown boots, colorful scarves, and steaming cups of coffee in beige plastic cups make their way across campus to poetry, engineering, and medical courses. In the afternoon, the circular football stadium gives way to the roar of the crowd as the Tigers move ten more yards ahead to the goal. In the evening, soft discussions and hearty laughter drift across campus as students make their way to dorms and apartments, ready to heat up red-sauce and pasta to eat before sprawling on their oversized chairs with good books. Autumn at Mizzou means active days and cozy evenings as students walk, study, play, and eat, all to the rich, full tune of Memorial Union's clock tower bells. 

Reflection

After writing a descriptive piece, ask yourself these questions. 

  • Did you use sensory writing?  This includes writing about how something or someone looks, sounds, feels, smells, and tastes.  
  • Were your descriptions specific to the person, object, place, or event?  This means the reader will not be confused about what to picture in their minds.  Your descriptions are specific to the thing or person you are describing. 

  

Apply

Directions: Look at the picture of Mizzou that accompanies the example.  Match the sense with the description you might use in writing about this picture.